Kit fox photograph
Kit Fox
Photo by Bill Standley

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis) and Swift Fox (Vulpes velox) Bibliography

by: William Standley; last updated December 17, 2007.
This is a copy of my working bibliography; if you know of references not listed here, I would appreciate it if you would drop me a note at "submit" at "wildlifer.com". Highlighted titles have abstracts or complete articles available online. I also maintain "Bill's Wildlife Sites", which is an index of web sites of interest to wildlife ecologists (and includes links to other kit and swift fox web sites).
  • Andersen, K. W. and E. D. Fleharty. 1964. Additional fox records for Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 67:193-194.

  • Anderson, S. and S. Hadary. 1965. Kit fox from southern Zacatecas. Journal of Mammalogy 46:343.

  • Anonymous. 1990. It's a tough fight. Outdoor Canada (October):14,18.

  • Archon, M. 1992. Ecology of the San Joaquin kit fox in western Merced County, California. M.A. Thesis, California State University, Fresno. 45 pages.

  • Avery, S. R. 1990. Vocalization and behavior of the swift fox (Vulpes velox), M.A. Thesis, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley. 104 pages.

  • Bailey, V. 1926. Vulpes velox hebes. North American Fauna 49:163-166.

  • Balestreri, A. N. 1981. Status of the San Joaquin kit fox at Camp Roberts California, 1981. Dept. of Army Directorate Facilities Engineering Environmental and Natural Resources Office, HQ, 7th Infantry Division, Contract No. DAKF03-81-C736, Ft. Ord. 30 pages.

  • Banks, K. 1989. Back from the brink. Western Living (November):86-87.

  • Beedy, E. C., V. K. Getz, and D. A. Airola. 1992. Status of the San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes macrotis mutica) in the urban Kern River Parkway, Bakersfield, California. Pages 47-54 in: Endangered and Sensitive Species of the San Joaquin Valley, California. (Eds: D. F. Williams, S. Byrne, and T. A. Rado) California Energy Commission, Sacramento, CA.

  • Begley, S. 1996. Survival by handout? National Wildlife 35(1):52-57.

  • Bell, H. M. 1994. Analysis of habitat characteristics of San Joaquin kit fox in its northern range. M.S. Thesis, California State University, Hayward, CA. 90 pages.

  • Benedict, E. M. and R. B. Forbes. 1979. Kit fox skulls in a southeastern Oregon cave. The Murrelet 60:25-27.

  • Benson, S. B. 1938. Notes on kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) from Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 51:17-24.

  • Berry, W. H., T. P. O'Farrell, T. T. Kato, and P. M. McCue. 1987. Characteristics of dens used by radiocollared San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica, Naval Petroleum Reserve #1, Kern County, California. U.S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Santa Barbara Operations Report No. EGG 10282-2177. 32 pages.

  • Berry, W. H., J. H. Scrivner, T. P. O'Farrell, C. E. Harris, T. T. Kato, and P. M. McCue. 1987. Sources and rates of mortality of the San Joaquin kit fox, Naval petroleum reserve #1, Kern County, California, 1980-1986. U. S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Santa Barbara Operations Report No. EGG 10282-2154. 34 pages.

  • Berry, W. H. and W. G. Standley. 1992. Population trends of San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes velox macrotis) at Camp Roberts Army National Guard Training Site, California. U.S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Santa Barbara Operations Report No. EGG 10617-2155. 16 pages.

  • Berry, W. H., W. G. Standley, T. P. O'Farrell, and T. T. Kato. 1992. Effects of military-authorized activities on the San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes velox macrotis) at Camp Roberts Army National Guard Training Site, California. U.S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Santa Barbara Operations Report No. EGG 10617-2159. 15 pages.

  • Best, T. L. 1971. Notes on the distribution and ecology of five eastern New Mexico mammals. The Southwestern Naturalist 16:210-211.

  • Bjotvedt, G., S. M. Tomkiewicz, and R. T. Jr Golightly. 1980. A description of helminths in a kit fox (Vulpes macrotis). Veterinary Medicine/Small Animal Clinician 75:881-884.

  • Blus, L. J., G. R. Sherman, and J. D Henderson. 1967. A noteworthy record of the swift fox in McPherson County, Nebraska. Journal of Mammalogy 48:471-472.

  • Bremner, S. 1997. Diet and hunting behaviour of captive-bred swift fox (Vulpes velox/Vulpes velox hebes) intended for release. M.S. Thesis. Applied Animal Behaviour and Animal Welfare, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.

  • Bremner, S. 2002. Behavioural and molecular ecology of a captive-bred colony of the endangered swift fox, (Vulpes velox). PhD Thesis, The Queen’s University of Belfast, UK. 245pp.

  • Bremner-Harrison, S., Prodohl, P.A. and Elwood, R.A. 2004. Behavioural trait assessment as a release criterion: boldness predicts early death in a reintroduction programme of captive-bred swift fox (Vulpes velox). Animal Conservation 7:313-320.

  • Bremner-Harrison, S., Harrison, S. W. R., Cypher, B. L., Murdoch, J. D., Maldonado, J., and Darden, S. K. 2006. Development of a single-sampling noninvasive hair snare. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34:456-461.

  • Briden, L. E., M. Archon, and D. L. Chesemore. 1992. Ecology of the San Joaquin kit fox, (Vulpes macrotis mutica) in western Merced County, California. Pages 81-88 in: Endangered and Sensitive Species of the San Joaquin Valley, California. (Eds: D. F. Williams, S. Byrne, and T. A. Rado) California Energy Commission, Sacramento, CA.

  • Bunker, C. D. 1940. The kit fox. Science 92:35-36.

  • Burkett, E. E. 1992. Wild canines of California. Outdoor California 53(2):5-6.

  • Burns, R. D. 1960. Stomach contents of a kit fox. Ecology 41:365.

  • Butchko, P. H. 1990. Predator control for the protection of endangered species in California. Paper presented at the 14th Vertebrate Pest Conference, Sacramento, California, March 6-8, 1990.

  • California Energy Commission. 1996. Studies of the San Joaquin kit fox in undeveloped and oil-developed areas. Environmental Protection Office, Sacramento, CA. 131 pages.

  • Cameron, M. W. 1984. The swift fox (Vulpes velox) on the Pawnee National Grassland: Its food habits, population dynamics and ecology. M.S. Thesis, Univ. of N. Colorado, Greeley, CO. 117 pages.

  • Carbyn, L. N. 1986. Some observations on the behavior of swift foxes in reintroduction programs within the Canadian prairies. Alberta Naturalist 16:37-41.

  • Carbyn, L. N. 1989. Swift foxes in Canada. Recovery 1:8-9.

  • Carbyn, L. N. and M. Killaby. 1989. Status of the swift fox in Saskatchewan. Blue Jay 47:41-52.

  • Carlington, B. G. 1980. Reintroduction of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) to the Canadian prairie. M.S. Thesis, University of Calgary, Alberta.

  • Chambers, G. D. 1978. Little fox on the prairie. Audubon 80:63-71.

  • Chandler, D. 1965. The call of the kit fox. The Blue Jay 23:135.

  • Charlton, K. G., D. W. Hird, and L. K. Spiegel. 2001. Trace metal concentrations in San Joaquin kit foxes from Southern San Joaquin Valley of California. California Fish and Game 87(2):45-50.

  • Choate, J. R., and R. R. Harms. 1992. Swift fox documented in Ellis County, Kansas. Prairie Naturalist 24:125.

  • Clark, H. O., Jr. 2001. Endangered San Joaquin Kit Fox and Non-native Red Fox: Interspecific Competitive Interactions. M.S. thesis, California State University, Fresno. 54 pages.

  • Clark, H. O., Jr. 2003. Responses of San Joaquin kit foxes to an oil-gas well fire. California Fish and Game 89(2):102-105.

  • Clark, H. O., Jr. 2005. Aggressive behaviour exhibited by a San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica. Canadian Field-Naturalist 119:134.

  • Clark, H. O., Jr. 2007. Marking novel objects by kit foxes. California Fish and Game 93:103-106.

  • Clark, H. O., Jr., B. L. Cypher, P. A. Kelly, D. F. Williams and S. D. Clifton. 2003. Use of a hair-sampling tube to detect the San Joaquin kit fox. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildife Society 38/39:29-30.

  • Clark, H. O., Jr., B. L. Cypher, G. D. Warrick, P. A. Kelly, D. F. Williams, and D. E. Grubbs. 2004. Challenges in conservation of the endangered San Joaquin kit fox. Pages 118-131 in N. Fascione, A. Delach, and M. E. Smith, editors. People and Predators: From Conflict to Coexistence. Island Press, Washington, D.C. 285 pp.

  • Clark, H. O., Jr., G. D. Warrick, B. L. Cypher, P. A. Kelly, D. F. Williams, and D. E. Grubbs. 2005. Competitive interactions between endangered kit foxes and non-native red foxes. Western North American Naturalist 65:153-163.

  • Clifton, S. D. 1989. Results of analyses of San Joaquin kit fox scats from the Kellogg Creek watershed area, Contra Costa and Alameda Counties, California, July 1988. Modesto, CA. Jones and Stokes Associates, Inc. (JSA 87-031), Sacramento, CA.

  • Clifton, S. D. 1992. Comparison of the diets of the San Joaquin kit fox, grey fox, and red fox from Merced County, California, based on scats. Page 374 in: Endangered and Sensitive Species of the San Joaquin Valley, California. (Eds: D. F. Williams, S. Byrne, and T. A. Rado) California Energy Commission, Sacramento, CA. (ABSTRACT ONLY)

  • Cohn, J. 1998. A dog-eat-dog world? BioScience 48:430-434.

  • Cooper, D. 1987. Swift fox couldn't elude all its foes. Survivors:Pt. 8. Edmonton Journal, Nov. 30, page E-1.

  • Corbett, B. 1990. Making a comeback. Canadian Magazine (October):50-52.

  • Covell, D.F. 1992. Ecology of swift fox (Vulpes velox) in southeastern Colorado. M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison. 111 pages.

  • Covell, D. F., D. S. Miller, W. H. Karasov. 1996. Cost of locomotion and daily energy expenditure by free-living swift foxes (Vulpes velox): a seasonal comparison. Canadian Journal of Zoology 74:283-290.

  • Creel, G. C. and W. A. Thornton. 1971. A note on the distribution and specific status of the fox genus Vulpes in west Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist 15:402-404.

  • Creel, G. C. and W. A. Thornton. 1974. Comparative study of a Vulpes fulva - Vulpes macrotis hybrid fox karyotype. The Southwestern Naturalist 18:465-468.

  • Cutter, W. L. 1958a. Denning of the swift fox in northern Texas. Journal of Mammalogy 39:70-774.

  • Cutter, W. L. 1958b. Food habits of the swift fox in northern Texas. Journal of Mammalogy 39:527-532.

  • Cypher, B. L. 1997. Effects of radiocollars on San Joaquin kit foxes. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:1412-1423.

  • Cypher, B. L., Clark, H. O., Jr., Kelly, P. A., Van Horn Job, C., Warrick, G. D., and Williams, D. F. 2001. Interspecific Interactions Among Wild Canids: Implications for the Conservation of Endangered San Joaquin Kit Foxes. Endangered Species UPDATE. Vol 18, No. 4, pages 171-174.

  • Cypher, B. L. and N. Frost. 1999. Condition of San Joaquin kit foxes in urban an exurban habitats. Journal of Wildlife Management 63:930-938.

  • Cypher, B. L., P. A. Kelly, and D. F. Williams. 2003. Factors influencing populations of endangered San Joaquin kit foxes: implications for conservation and recovery. Pages 125-137 in: The swift fox: ecology and conservation in a changing world. (Eds: M. A. Sovada, and L. Carbyn) Canadian Plains Research Center, Regina, Saskatchewan.

  • Cypher, B. L., M. E. Koopman, and D. R. McCullough. 2001. Space use and movements by kit fox family members. Transactions of the Wildlife Society 37:84-87.

  • Cypher, B. L. and J. H. Scrivner. 1992. Coyote control to protect endangered San Joaquin kit foxes at the Naval Petroleum Reserves, California. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 15:42-47.

  • Cypher, B. L. and K. A. Spencer. 1998. Competitive interactions between coyotes and San Joaquin kit foxes. Journal of Mammalogy 79:204-214.

  • Cypher, B. L. and G. D. Warrick. 1993. Use of human-derived food items by urban kit foxes. Transactions of the Western Section Wildlife Society 29: 34-37.

  • Cypher, B. L., G. D. Warrick, M. R. Otten, T. P. O'Farrell, W. H. Berry, C. E. Harris, T. T. Kato, P. M. McCue, J. H. Scrivner, and B. W. Zoellick. 2000. Population dynamics of San Joaquin kit foxes at the Naval Petroleum Reserves in California. Wildlife Monographs 145. 43pp.

  • Daneke, D., M. Sunquist, and S. Berwick. 1984. Notes on kit fox biology in Utah. The Southwestern Naturalist 29:361-362.

  • Dennis, B. and M. R. M. Otten. 2000. Joint effects of density dependence and rainfall on abundance of San Joaquin kit fox. Journal of Wildlife Management 64:388-400.

  • DeStefano, S. 1992. Observations of kit foxes in southeastern Oregon. Northwestern Naturalist 73:54-56.

  • Disney, M. and L. K. Spiegel. 1992. Sources and rates of San Joaquin kit fox mortality in western Kern County, California. Transactions of the Western Section Wildlife Society 28:73-82.

  • Dragoo, J. W., J. R. Choate, and T. P. O'Farrell. 1986. Intrapopulational variation of cranial measurements in the San Joaquin kit fox, Naval Petroleum Reserve #1, Kern County, California. U.S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Santa Barbara Operations Report No. EGG 10282-2122. 21 pages.

  • Dragoo, J. W., J. R. Choate, and T. P. O'Farrell. 1987. Intrapopulational variation in two samples of arid-land foxes. Texas Journal of Science 39: 223-232.

  • Dragoo, J. W., J. R. Choate, T. L. Yates, and T. P. O'Farrell. 1990. Evolutionary and taxonomic relationships among North American arid land foxes. Journal of Mammalogy 71:318-332.

  • Duke, R. R., R. A. Hopkins, and S. Wisely. 1994. Summary of kit fox surveys in Contra Costa, Alameda, and San Joaquin Counties. H.T. Harvey and Associates, Alviso, CA. 8 pages.

  • EG&G Energy Measurements, Inc. 1993. Effects of supplemental feeding on survivorship, reproduction, and dispersal in San Joaquin kit foxes. U.S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Las Vegas Operations Report No. EGG 111265-2059.

  • Egoscue, H. J. 1956. Preliminary studies of the kit fox in Utah. Journal of Mammalogy 37:351-357.

  • Egoscue, H. J. 1962. Ecology and life history of the kit fox in Tooele County, Utah. Ecology 43:481-497.

  • Egoscue, H. J. 1964. The kit fox in southwestern Colorado. The Southwestern Naturalist 91:40-49.

  • Egoscue, H. J. 1966. Description of a new born kit fox. The Southwestern Naturalist 11:501-502.

  • Egoscue, H. J. 1975. Population dynamics of the kit fox in western Utah. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Science 74:122-127.

  • Egoscue, H. J. 1979. Vulpes velox. Mammalian Species 122:1-5.

  • Egoscue, H. J. 1985. Kit fox flea relationships on the Naval Petroleum Reserves, Kern County, California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Science 84:127-132.

  • Fisher, J. L. 1981. Kit fox diet in south-central Arizona. M.S. Thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. 19 pages.

  • Flaherty, M. and R. Plaake. 1986. Response of swift fox (Vulpes velox) to water stress. The Journal of Colorado-Wyoming Academy of Science 18:51.

  • Floyd, B. L. 1983. The little known swift fox. Wyoming Wildlife 47:26-27.

  • Floyd, B. L. and M. R. Stromberg. 1981. New records of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in Wyoming. Journal of Mammalogy 62:650-651.

  • Frei, R. 1990. Mission improbable. Nature Canada (Fall):46-47.

  • Frost, N. 2005. San Joaquin kit fox home range, habitat use, and movements in urban Bakersfield. M.S. Thesis, Humboldt State University, CA.

  • Geffen, E., A. Mercure, D. J. Girman, D. W. MacDonald, and R. K. Wayne. 1992. Phylogenetic relationships of the fox-like canids: mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment, site and cytochrome b sequence analyses. Journal of Zoology (London) 228:27-39.

  • Gerrard, R., P. Stine, R. Church, and M. Gilpin, 2001. Habitat evaluation using GIS - A case study applied to the San Joaquin Kit Fox. Landscape and Urban Planning 52:239-255.

  • Gese, E. M., S. M. Karki, M. L. Klavetter, E. R. Schauster, and A. M. Kitchen. 2004. Serologic survey for canine infectious diseases among sympatric swift foxes (Vulpes velox) and coyotes (Canis latrans) in southeastern Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 40:741-748.

  • Glass, B. P. 1956. Status of the kit fox, Vulpes velox in the high plains. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science 37:162-163.

  • Goldman, E. A. 1931. Two new desert foxes. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science 21:249-251.

  • Golightly, R. T. 1981. The comparative energetics of two desert canids: the coyote and the kit fox. Ph.D. Thesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ. 174 pages.

  • Golightly, R. T. and D. B. Hardenbrook. 1986. Habitat usage and den sites of kit foxes in Nevada. Fed. Aid in Restoration Proj. W-48-R-15. 77 pages.

  • Golightly, R. T. and R. D. Ohmart. 1983. Metabolism and body temperature of two desert canids: coyotes and kit foxes. Journal of Mammalogy 64:624-635.

  • Golightly, R. T. and R. D. Ohmart. 1984. Water economy of two desert canids: coyote and kit fox. Journal of Mammalogy 65:51-58.

  • Grater, R. K. 1939. The desert kit fox moves his family. Nature Notes 6:77-81.

  • Green, J. S., R. T. Jr. Golightly, S. L. Lindsey, and B. R. LeaMaster. 1985. Use of radio transmitter implants in wild canids. The Great Basin Naturalist 45:567-570.

  • Grier, B. 1988. The smallest and rarest. NebraskaLand May:18-25

  • Grinnell, J., J. Dixon, and J. Linsdale. 1937. Kit foxes. Pages 399-420 in: Fur bearing animals of California. Vol. 2. (Eds: J. Grinnell, J. Dixon, and J. Linsdale) Univ. Calif. Press, Berkeley, CA.

  • Grossmueller, D. W. 1994. Video inspection and temporary closure of mammal burrows on an asbestos contaminated site. Wildlife Society Bulletin 22:516-519.

  • Haight, R. G., B. Cypher, P. A. Kelly, S. Phillips, K. Ralls, and H. P. Possingham. 2004. Optimizing reserve expansion for disjunct populations of San Joaquin kit fox. Biological Conservation 117:61-72.

  • Hall, F. A. Jr. 1983. Status of the San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica, at the Bethany Wind Turbine generating (WTG) project site, Alameda County, California. Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game, Final Report, Bay-Delta Fish Project, Sacramento, CA. 36 pages.

  • Hardenbrook, D. B. 1987. Habitat usage and den sites of kit foxes in west-central Nevada. M.S. Thesis, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA. 83 pages.

  • Harris, C. E. 1987. An assessment of techniques for monitoring San Joaquin kit fox population abundance on Naval Petroleum Reserve #1, Kern County, California. U.S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Santa Barbara Operations Report No. EGG 10182-2159. 23 pages.

  • Harris, C. E., T. P. O'Farrell, P. M. McCue, and T. T. Kato. 1987. Capture-recapture estimation of San Joaquin kit fox population size on Naval Petroleum Reserve #1, Kern County, California. U.S. Dept. of Energy Topical Report, EG&G/EM Santa Barbara Operations Report No. EGG 10282-2149. 42 pages.

  • Harrison, R. L., D. J. Barr, and J. W. Dragoo. 2002. A comparison of population survey techniques for swift fox (Vulpes velox) in New Mexico. American Midland Naturalist 148:320-337.

  • Harrison, R. L., P. S. Clarke, and C. M. Clarke. 2004. Indexing swift fox populations in New Mexico using scats. American Midland Naturalist 151:42-49.

  • Hartman, J. E. 1972. The unfoxiest fox. National Wildlife. August/September:36.

  • Hawbecker, A. C. 1943. Food of the San Joaquin kit fox. Journal of Mammalogy 24:499.

  • Henry, J. D. 1994. Home again on the range. Equinox July/August:46-53.

  • Herrero, S. 1984a. Swift fox once again. Alberta Naturalist 14:29-32.

  • Herrero, S. 1984b. Swift fox once again. Dinny's Digest :3-9.

  • Herrero, S. 1985. The return of the swift fox to Canada. Pages 16-22 in: International Union of Directors of Zoological Gardens 40th Annual Conference, Calgary, Canada - Scientific Proceedings 1985. Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh.

  • Herrero, S. 1990. It's a tough fight. Outdoor Canada (October):14,18.

  • Herrero, S., C. Mamo, L. Carbyn, and M. Scott-Brown. 1991. Swift fox reintroduction into Canada. Pages 246-252 in: Proc. of the Second End. Species and Prairie Conserv. Workshop. (Eds: G. L. Holroyd, G. Burns, and H. C. Smith) Provincial Mus. of Alberta, Nat. Hist. Sect., Occasional Paper No. 15, Edmonton, Alberta.

  • Herrero, S., C. Schroeder, and M. Scott-Brown. 1986. Are Canadian foxes swift enough? Biological Conservation 36:159-167.

  • Hillman, C. N. and J. C. Sharps. 1978. Return of swift fox to northern great plains. Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science 57:154-162.

  • Hines, T. D. 1980. An ecological study of Vulpes velox in Nebraska. M.S. Thesis, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE. 101 pages + App.

  • Hines, T. D. and R. M. Case. 1980. The swift fox - an endangered species. Farm and Ranch Quarterly, Spring:6-7. Inst. Agric. Nat. Res., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.

  • Hines, T. D. and R. M. Case. 1991. Diet, home range, movements, and activity periods of swift fox in Nebraska. Prairie Naturalist 23:131-138.

  • Hines, T. D., R. M. Case, and R. Lock. 1981. The swiftest fox. NebraskaLand :20-27.

  • Hinshaw, J. M., B. L. Cypher, and G. L. Holmstead. 1999. Efficacy of habitat reclamation for endangered species at the Elk Hills oil field, California. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society 35:63-70.

  • Hjertaas, D. 1989. Bringing the swift fox home to Saskatchewan. WestWorld (September):20-21.

  • Holenski, S. 1989. The swift fox returns. Catalyst 3(2):16-19. (Univ. of Calgary)

  • Holing, D. 1987. Living is tough for the desert fox. National Wildlife 25:14-17.

  • Houtcooper, W. C., D. J. Ode, J. A. Pearson, and G. M. I. I. I. Vandel. 1985. Rare animals and plants of South Dakota. The Prairie Naturalist 17:143-156.

  • Huffman, L. and T. D. Murphy. 1992. The effects of rodenticide and off-road vehicle use on San Joaquin kit fox activity in Bakersfield, California. Page 378 in: Endangered and Sensitive Species of the San Joaquin Valley, California. (Eds: D. F., Williams, S. Byrne, and T. A. Rado) California Energy Commission, Sacramento, CA. (ABSTRACT ONLY)

  • Jackson, V. L. 1997. Denning ecology of swift foxes (Vulpes velox) in western Kansas. Thesis. Fort Hays State University, Fort Hays, Kansas.

  • Jackson, V. L. and J. R. Choate. 2000. Dens and den sites of the swift fox, Vulpes velox. The Southwestern Naturalist 45(2):212-220.

  • Janes, D. W. and H. T. Gier. 1966. Distribution, numbers, and hunting of foxes in Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 69:23-31.

  • Jensen, C. C. 1972. San Joaquin kit fox distribution. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Report, Sacramento, CA. 15 pages.

  • Jones and Stokes Associates, Inc. 1995. Distribution of the San Joaquin kit fox and effects of military training activities at the Multi-Purpose Range Complex (MPRC) on kit foxes at Fort Hunter Liggett, California - Preliminary Results. Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Sacramento, California.

  • Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, E. B. Fish, P. R. Lemons, K. Mote, and C. C. Perchelleta. 2003. Habitat use, home ranges, and survival of swift foxes in a fragmented landscape: conservation implications. Journal of Mammalogy 84:989–995.

  • Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, E. M. Gese, R. L. Harrison, and S. M. Karki. 2004. Dispersal characteristics of swift foxes. Canadian Journal of Zoology 82:1837–1842.

  • Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, E. M. Gese, R. L. Harrison, S. Karki and K. Mote. 2004. Adult male emigration and a female-based social organization in swift foxes, Vulpes velox. Animal Behaviour 67:699-702.

  • Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, R. L. Gilliland, P. R. Lemons II, and K. Mote. 2003. Impacts of coyotes on swift foxes in northwestern Texas. Journal of Wildlife Management 67:317-323.

  • Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, R. L. Gilliland, and K. Mote. 2002. Improved trapping methods for swift foxes and sympatric coyotes. Wildlife Society Bulletin 30:1262-1266.

  • Kamler J. F., W. B. Ballard , R. L. Gilliland, and K. Mote 2003. Spatial relationships between swift foxes and coyotes in northwestern Texas. Canadian Journal of Zoology 81:168–172.

  • Karki, S. M, E. M. Gese, and M. L. Klavetter. 2007. Effects of coyote population reduction on swift fox demographics in southeastern Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2707–2718.

  • Kerwin, L. 1972. Kit fox in Saskatchewan. Blue Jay 30:200.

  • Kilgore, D. L. 1967. An ecological study of the swift fox in the Oklahoma Panhandle. M.A. Thesis. University of Kansas, Lawrence.

  • Kilgore, D. L. Jr. 1969. An ecological study of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in the Oklahoma panhandle. American Midland Naturalist 81:512-534.

  • Kitchen, A. M. 1999. Resource partitioning between coyotes and swift foxes: spaces, time, and diet. M. S. Thesis. Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

  • Kitchen, A. M., E. M. Gese, S. M. Karki, and E. R. Schauster. 2005. Spatial ecology of swift fox social groups: from group formation to mate loss. Journal of Mammalogy 86:547–554.

  • Kitchen, A. M., E. M. Gese, and E. R. Schauster. 1999. Resource partitioning between coyotes and swift foxes: spaces, time, and diet. Canadian Journal of Zoology 77:1645-1656.

  • Kitchen, A. M., E. M. Gese, L. P. Waits, S. M. Karki, and E. R. Schauster. 2006. Multiple breeding strategies in the swift fox, Vulpes velox. Animal Behaviour 71:1029-1038.

  • Kitchen, A. M., E. M. Gese, L. P. Waits, S. M. Karki, and E. R. Schauster. 2005. Genetic and spatial structure within a swift fox population. Journal of Animal Ecology 74:1173–1181.

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  • Koopman, M. E., B. L. Cypher, and D. R. McCullough. 2001. Factors influencing space and prey use by San Joaquin kit foxes. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society 37:77-83.

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